Factors of Fiber Resistance of Russian Breeding Cotton to Epiphytic Microflora for Obtaining Environmental Friendly Raw Materials
УДК: 631.52; 631.95
DOI: 10.34736/FNC.2024.125.2.004.29-36
Ksenia V. Illarionova, e-mail: elkv@mail.ru, Ph.D. (Technical Sciences), Associate Professor, ORCID: 0000-0002-2563-6094
Sergey V. Grigoriev, Ph.D. (Agricultural Sciences), Leading Researcher, ORCID: 0000-0001-7670-4360
Peter the Great Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, str. Polytechnicheskaya 29 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology;
N. I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), St. Petersburg, str. B.Morskaya 42, 44 Department of Genetic Resources of Oilseeds and Fiber Crops
Abstract. Global temperature and humidity have widespread impacts on all areas of life. Under favorable conditions, textiles are an environment for the activity of fungi and bacteria and undergo biodestruction, which leads to the spread of mold and microbiotic inflammation. Breeding improvement of fiber crops for fiber bioresistance to destructors is one of the aspects of solving environmental problems and adapting agroecosystems to a changing climate. Cotton raw material is the main one in the production of cloth and household textiles. The study of factors of fiber bioresistance to putrid destruction is relevant for the creation of a modern generation of varieties of fiber/oilseed crops. The aim of the work is to study the biological destruction of cotton fiber of Russian breeding, grown in the Southern Federal District of the Russian Federation under the impact of epiphytic microflora and the influence of high temperatures to which textile raw materials are exposed during industrial processing. The novelty of the research is the data obtained on the resistance of multi-colored cotton fiber to biodegradation by microflora in conjunction with thermal changes in its mass, which is important for the creation of environmental friendly textiles in the Russian Federation. Data on the characteristics – components of fiber resistance to biodegradation in connection with its natural coloring constitute the scientific value of research. The research is of practical importance, since the production of cotton fiber, which is naturally resistant to putrefactive destruction by microorganisms, will help reduce the chemical load on the industrial and agro- ecological environment and will improve the biosafety of textile products. Naturally green, brown and white fiber of 9 varieties and lines of cotton were studied. The growth of microflora on cotton has been stimulated at 28 °C and humidity 90-98%. Fiber destruction was studied by light microscopy, temperature degradation – on a Q-1000 derivatograph. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to study the matrix of characteristics. It has been established that green fiber is more resistant to biodegradation than white fiber. Brown turned out to be the most undamaged. The heat resistance of cotton fiber is largely determined by its native, initial resistance.
Keywords: cotton, breeding for fiber quality, epiphytic pecto-cellulolytic microflora, biological destruction of fiber, principal component analysis (PCA), mycotoxins, eco-friendly textiles, environmental ecology
Funding. The work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the framework of the Federal Scientific and Technical Program for the development of genetic technologies for 2019 - 2027, project No. 075-15-2021-1050.
Citation. Illarionova K. V., Grigoriev S. V. Factors of Fiber Resistance of Russian Breeding Cotton to Epiphytic Microflora for Obtaining Environmental Friendly Raw Materials. Scientific Agronomy Journal. 2024;2(125):29-36. DOI: 10.34736/FNC.2024.125.2.004.29-36
