Selection of Hazel for the Growth Intensivity, Decorativeness and Crop Quality

UDC 634.54
DOI: 10.34736/FNC.2023.120.1.001.05-09

Yuriy I. Sukhorukikh¹Dr. Sci. (Agr.), e-mail: drsuchor@rambler.ru, ORCID: 0000-0001-5073-6102
Svetlana G. Biganova²Cand. Sci. (Agr.), ORCID: 0000-0002-0581-3612

¹Maykop State Technological University, info@mkgtu.ru, 385000, Pervomajskaya St., 191, Maykop city, Republic of Adygea, Russia
²Federal Research Centre the “Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, e-mail: subplod@mail.ru, 354002, Jan Fabricius St., 2/28, Sochi, Krasnodarskiy kray, Russia 

Abstract.Varieties and forms with different properties are required for the cultivation of common hazel(Corylus avellana L.) on agricultural, forest, decorative, landscaping and protective forest plantations. For protective massive afforestation, as well as a rootstock, plants with different growth strength are needed. For decorative purposes – individuals with an attractive appearance, for nutrition – with nuts of high nutritional qualities. The breeding of such a variety fund is promising using the local gene pool of the North-Western Caucasus wild hazelnuts, where individuals with the foregoing economically valuable traits have been identified. The aim of the work was to select promising forms of hazel in the local natural population. Field research was carried out by the method of route moves. The selection of strong-grown individuals was carried out according to the biometric indicators of the main shoot, the height of which exceeded the average in the population standard deviation by twice. Decorative individuals were selected according to external characteristics; the quality of nuts was evaluated according to the method of the Sukhorukikh-Biganova. The dendrological description was carried out according to known methods. On the basis of the hazel population growing at an altitude of 200-800 m above sea level study, it was found that under these conditions, hazel plants promising for selection for growth restraint should have a height of no more than 2.97 m, for germinative power – 11.13 m or more. According to this phenotypic feature, 3 forms were selected, the height of which is 12.5–12.8 m. Two decorative ramets are identified. One ramet has rounded curly leaves of dark green color, the second one has a leaves of various sizes. According to the value of nuts, two forms of the breeding category were selected – qualitative. The vegetative offspring of the selected forms are planned to be preserved and studied at the collection site in the future.

Keywords:common hazel, natural populations, promising forms, selection parameters, germinative power, decorative, quality of nuts

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