The Sunflower and Corn Productivity Evaluation Using Strip-Till Cultivation Technology
Scientific Agronomy Journal. pp. 73-77
Land cultivation, crop production
UDC 631,51:633.854.78:633.15(045)
DOI: 10.34736/FNC.2023.120.1.011.73-77
Igor L. VorotnikovDr. Sci. (Economy), e-mail: rekt-ngsha@inbox.ru ORCID: 0000-0003-3631-8275, Alexander G. SubbotinCand. Sci. (Agr.), ORCID: 0000-0003-4497-0175
Alexander V. Letuchy, Cand. Sci. (Agr.), ORCID: 0000-0003-4117-259X Saratov State University of Genetics,
Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, e-mail: rekt-ngsha@inbox.ru 410012, Pyotr Stolypin Prospekt, 4/3, Saratov, Russia
Abstract.The problem of sunflower and corn production stabilizing in arid areas is solved by the use of strip tillage (Strip-till technology). Following strip tillage use influence on plant development indicators and the corn and sunflower yields in the Left Bank of Volga around Saratov conditions were revealed: the productive moisture supply, the arable soil layer density, plants biometric parameters during the growing season, the crop structure. The combined ПБС–2023 8x70П tillage tool effectiveness evaluation revealed this technology influence on the soils water-physical properties. In the autumn, the productive moisture supplies on the studied variants of the experiment was 9% higher than during plowing, and in the spring before sowing it was 30% higher. By the time of ripening, the moisture reserve reached 35 mm on the experimental plots with sunflower when using Strip-till technology, and it was 15 mm higher than with the previous tillage version on the experimental plot with corn. In sunflower yield increase to 1.75 t/ha was revealed when using strip processing, in corn yield – up to 3.44 t/ha. The economic efficiency calculation confirmed the strip processing using expediency with the new ПБС–8x70П tillage tool. There was a decrease in direct costs and an increase in the level of profitability in the corn cultivation by 17.7%, in the sunflower – by 24.1%.
Keywords:basic tillage, Strip-till technology, sunflower, corn, density, soil moisture, crop structure, oil content, yield
