Induction of Callusogenesis and Indirect Morphogenesis in the Populus deltoides Marshall × Populus alba L. Hybrid in vitro

УДК: 631.532:581.143.6:581.192.7
DOI: 10.34736/FNC.2024.125.2.011.76-81
Nadezhda G. Fomenko, e-mail: fomenko-n@vfanc.ru, Postgraduate student, ORCID: 0000-0002-0783-6447
Olga O. Zholobova, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Leader Researcher, ORCID: 0000-0002-1594-4181
Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, e-mail: info@vfanc.ru,400062, Universitetskiy Prospekt 97, Volgograd, Russia
Abstract. Populus species and hybrids are often used as model objects in biotechnology and forest tree breeding, and are also actively used in protective afforestation, due to such qualities as fast growth rates and good adaptation to degraded soil conditions. The use of plant cell and tissue culture is an important tool for plant breeding, carried out by developing strategies for the selection of somaclonal variations and stress-resistant genotypes. An important step in the callousogenesis induction and indirect morphogenesis is the selection of the optimal hormonal composition in the nutrient environment and the type of explant, as well as cultivation conditions for obtaining regenerating plants, which must be carried out empirically individually for each plant species. The aim of our study was to determine the optimal conditions for the callusogenesis induction and the ability to indirect morphogenesis in the Populus deltoides Marshall × Populus alba L. hybrid in vitro conditions. Leaf segments and shoots of plants which has been grown in vitro culture were used as primary explants. The induction of callusogenesis was carried out on Murashige and Scoog (MS) nutrient environment supplemented with synthetic auxin 2,4-D or cytokinin tidiazuron (TDZ) at five concentrations of 0.5-2.5 mg/l with an interval of 0.5. Active induction and formation of a compact primary callus were achieved at low concentrations (0.5-1 mg/l) TDZ on leaf explants. To stop the growth processes of the callus culture and the formation of morphogenic zones, 20 g/l of polyethylene glycol 6000 was used as a stress factor, followed by the transfer of callus transplants to the MS nutrient environment for indirect regeneration of shoots. The resulting regenerants actively grew and took root after they were separated from the callus and transferred to a fresh nutrient environment. Simple and effective protocol for the Populus F1 hybrid regeneration by indirect morphogenesis from callus tissues in vitro culture has been developed based on the results of the study.
Keywords: callus, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, tidiazuron, Populus F1 , indirect morphogenesis.
Funding. The work was carried out within the framework of the state task for the FSC of agroecology RAS
No. 122020100427-1 «Develop the scientific foundations for the conservation and reproduction of valuable genotypes of woody and shrubby plants in vitro».
Citation. Fomenko N. G., Zholobova О. О. Induction of Callusogenesis and Indirect Morphogenesis in the Populus deltoides Marshall × Populus alba L. Hybrid in vitro. Scientific Agronomy Journal. 2024;2(125):76-81. DOI: 10.34736/FNC.2024.125.2.011.76-81