Adaptive Varieties of Omsk Breeding Spring Barley

УДК 631.527.633.13
DOI: 10.34736/FNC.2024.125.2.010.70-75

Petr N. Nikolaev, e-mail: nikolaev@anc55.ru, Cand. Sci. (Agr.), Leading Researcher, Head of Laboratory of Grain Crops Breeding, ORCID: 0000-0002-5192-2967
Oksana A. Yusova, e-mail: nikolaev@anc55.ru, Cand. Sci. (Agr.), Leading Researcher, Head of Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry and Physiology, ORCID: 0000-0003-3679-8985

“Omsk Agricultural Research Center”, e-mail: 55asc@bk.ru, 644012, Prosp. named after Korolev S.P., 26, Omsk city, Russia

Abstract. The issue of cultivating adaptive varieties is very relevant due to the climatic changes of recent decades, which have a direct impact on agricultural production. Such varieties are able to form consistently increased yields regardless of the soil and climatic conditions prevailing during the growing season. One of the main directions of barley breeding at the Omsk Agricultural Research Center is the creation and introduction of adaptive varieties into production (in terms of yield and basic grain quality indicators). The novelty of the research: an assessment of adaptability by a set of characteristics in promising barley varieties of Omsk breeding in contrasting climatic conditions of the growing season from 2021 to 2023 was carried out for the first time. The evaluation of grain quality indicators by mass fractions of protein, starch, and crude fat is presented. The most favorable conditions for the increased protein content formation in grain were in 2021 (14.88 %), starch – in 2022 (58.04 %), crude fat (2.05 %), and yield (4.19 t/ha) – in 2023, on average for the nursery. The Siberian Avangard, Omsk 96, and Sasha barleys were characterized by a set of indicators (yield and improved grain quality) with additions of 1.4...2.0 % to st. for protein, 0.4...0.6 % for crude fat, and at the level of the yield standard. A positive characteristic of these varieties is their high responsiveness to improving environmental conditions and high stability (at bi>1 and σ 2/d <1) according to the listed characteristics. Thus, the Siberian Avangard, Omsk 96, and Sasha barleys, characterized by adaptability to difficult climatic conditions, are recommended for cultivation in agricultural production.

Keywords: spring barley, variety, grain quality, yield, adaptability, stability, plasticity

Funding. The study was carried out as part of the work on topic No. FNUN-2022-0026 “Creation of new of wheat (winter, spring soft and durum), leguminous (peas and soybeans), grain fodder (barley, oats) crops and perennial grasses (alfalfa, awnless rump) varieties with improved productivity and quality indicators, increased resistance to diseases, to unfavorable biotic and abiotic environmental factors.

Citation. Nikolaev P. N., Yusova O. A. Adaptive Varieties of Omsk Breeding Spring Barley. Scientific Agronomy Journal. 2024;2(125):70-75. DOI: 10.34736/FNC.2024.125.2.010.70-75